{"id":5134,"date":"2020-10-07T08:10:49","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T08:10:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/?page_id=5134"},"modified":"2022-05-24T10:23:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-24T10:23:40","slug":"fikus-domaci-pece-obecna-doporuceni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u00edkus: Dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de &#8211; obecn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes se mnoho hostitel\u016f m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit t\u00edm, \u017ee jejich d\u016fm je pln\u00fd v\u0161ech druh\u016f okrasn\u00fdch rostlin &#8211; kvetouc\u00edch i opadav\u00fdch, sez\u00f3nn\u00edch i st\u00e1lezelen\u00fdch, mal\u00fdch i velk\u00fdch. Mezi touto pestrost\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed fl\u00f3ry florist\u00e9 vyzdvihuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na f\u00edkusy, kter\u00e9 se osv\u011bd\u010dily jako nerozmarn\u00e9 a kter\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd interi\u00e9r mohou doplnit o n\u00e1dech \u017eivosti a sv\u011b\u017eesti.<\/p>\n<p>Domovinou f\u00edkusu jsou zem\u011b Tich\u00e9ho a Indick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika. V t\u011bchto tropick\u00fdch p\u00e1smech roste v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f f\u00edkus\u016f, a to jak ve form\u011b d\u0159evin, tak ke\u0159\u016f a li\u00e1n. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuj\u00ed i exempl\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fdm vyhovuj\u00ed m\u00edrn\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, nap\u0159\u00edklad f\u00edkovn\u00edk neboli F\u00edcus c\u00e1rica, kter\u00fd se vyskytuje na Kavkaze, na ji\u017en\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Krymu a v Karpatech. A p\u0159esto se f\u00edkusy navzdory tak pestr\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e p\u0159izp\u016fsobily dekorativn\u00edmu \u017eivotu. Jsou to jedny z m\u00e1la rostlin, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt na tmav\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b a nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u010dastou z\u00e1livku. Tak\u00e9 f\u00edkusy spl\u0148uj\u00ed estetick\u00fd vkus sv\u00fdch majitel\u016f, proto\u017ee v z\u00e1vislosti na druhu maj\u00ed r\u016fznou barvu a tvar list\u016f, v\u00fd\u0161ku samotn\u00e9 rostliny a mohou r\u016fst jako bonsaje.<\/p>\n<h2>Hlavn\u00ed druhy f\u00edkus\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed f\u00edkusy maj\u00ed n\u011bkolik druh\u016f, nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00ed v dom\u00e1c\u00edm kv\u011btin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zn\u00e1m\u00fd Ficus elastica, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu n\u011bkolik variant li\u0161\u00edc\u00edch se barvou a tvarem list\u016f &#8211; mohou b\u00fdt jednobarevn\u00e9, ko\u017eovit\u00e9, \u0161pi\u010dka tvarem p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 kapku a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt se \u017elut\u00fdmi pruhy a sv\u011btl\u00fdmi skvrnami. Tento druh roste pom\u011brn\u011b rychle: od jara do podzimu d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di jeden list t\u00fddn\u011b. F\u00edkus kaoutchoucous je uveden na fotografii:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta_-2-300x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta_-2-300x300-1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta_-2-300x300-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta_-2-300x300-1-230x230.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed nem\u00e9n\u011b obl\u00edbenou dom\u00e1c\u00ed kv\u011btinou je Ficus benjamina. Je &#8222;pokrevn\u011b&#8220; p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd s caoutchouc nous, p\u0159esto\u017ee je drobnolist\u00fd a m\u00e1 pestr\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed. Jeho v\u011btve jsou pru\u017en\u00e9 &#8211; jak rostlina roste, oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed se r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sm\u011bry, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed tento druh obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 elegantn\u00edm. Benjamin\u016fv f\u00edkus obvykle umis\u0165uje n\u011bkolik jedinc\u016f do jednoho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de, aby se kmeny mohly propl\u00e9tat nebo spojovat v dekorativn\u00ed kmen. Lze jej tak\u00e9 p\u011bstovat ve form\u011b bonsaje, kter\u00e1 je velmi exotick\u00e1. Na fotografii m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt uk\u00e1zky benjam\u00ednk\u016f v obvykl\u00e9 v\u00fdsadb\u011b a jako bonsaje:<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-5134 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"226\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/29-226x300-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"200\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/0_1c2c35_104c815b_XL-200x300-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem t\u00e9to \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 rostliny je Ficus binnendijkii. Tento druh se vyzna\u010duje podlouhl\u00fdmi ko\u017eovit\u00fdmi listy, kter\u00e9 jsou v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti m\u00edrn\u011b ohnut\u00e9. Barva k\u016fry se pohybuje od sv\u011btle \u0161ed\u00e9 po hn\u011bdou s b\u00edl\u00fdmi pruhy. Binnendijka je velmi odoln\u00fd f\u00edkus, c\u00edt\u00ed se dob\u0159e jak na severn\u00edm okenn\u00edm parapetu, tak uprost\u0159ed m\u00edstnosti. Z\u00e1stupce tohoto druhu m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt na fotografii:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/DETA-100-225x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"Narrow Leaf Fig\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Nem\u00e9n\u011b atraktivn\u00ed nejen vzhledem, ale i zp\u016fsobem sv\u00e9ho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed je Ficus benghalensis. Faktem je, \u017ee v tropech p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na \u00fakor siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho stromu &#8211; za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u017eivot na jedn\u00e9 z v\u011btv\u00ed, spou\u0161t\u00ed dol\u016f vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 ko\u0159eny, kter\u00e9 po dosa\u017een\u00ed zem\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed kmen. F\u00edkus tak pokra\u010duje v r\u016fstu a jednodu\u0161e &#8222;udus\u00ed&#8220; rostlinu, na kter\u00e9 \u017eije. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed f\u00edkus se chov\u00e1 trochu jinak, ale i zde m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di uk\u00e1zat sv\u00e9 &#8222;schopnosti&#8220; a jednodu\u0161e vyr\u016fst a\u017e ke stropu. Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed znaky tohoto druhu jsou trochu podobn\u00e9 kau\u010dukovn\u00edku, li\u0161\u00ed se v\u0161ak drsnost\u00ed list\u016f. M\u016f\u017eete si to prohl\u00e9dnout na fotografii:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-24 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/5462afe8ad8c6-225x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"Banyan\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V \u010deledi f\u00edkusovit\u00fdch se vyskytuj\u00ed nejen vzne\u0161en\u00e9 kr\u00e1sky, ale tak\u00e9 miniaturn\u00ed kv\u011btiny. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Ficus tiny neboli trpasli\u010d\u00ed (Ficus pumila) &#8211; roztomil\u00e1 rostlina, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee ozdobit v\u00e1\u0161 dom\u00e1c\u00ed z\u00e1hon.<\/p>\n<p>Obvykle se p\u011bstuje jako ampel: v z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00e9m kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di nebo omotan\u00fd kolem ty\u010de. Pokud se zab\u00fdv\u00e1te sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm podnik\u00e1n\u00edm, tento f\u00edkus v\u00e1m za p\u00e9\u010di pod\u011bkuje bohat\u00fdm kulovit\u00fdm kveten\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je vlastn\u00ed i jeho dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm. Na fotografii je &#8222;drobe\u010dek&#8220; zachycen v cel\u00e9 sv\u00e9 kr\u00e1se:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-25 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Ficus pumila\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7-230x230.jpg 230w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b r\u016fstu se f\u00edkusy je\u0161t\u011b li\u0161\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdmi formami list\u016f. Tak nap\u0159\u00edklad Ficus triangularis m\u016f\u017ee sv\u00fdm vzhledem zm\u00e1st ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo se nezab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u0161emi jemnostmi botaniky. P\u0159esto v\u0161echno je v\u0161ak p\u00e9\u010de o tento \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd f\u00edkus dostate\u010dn\u011b snadn\u00e1, i kdy\u017e nem\u00e1 r\u00e1d pr\u016fvan a prudk\u00e9 zm\u011bny prost\u0159ed\u00ed. A pokud si nav\u00edc trochu zast\u0159ihnete v\u00fdhony, pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1s svou p\u016fvabnou korunou a kveten\u00edm, podobn\u00fdm bobul\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Na fotografii je zobrazen f\u00edkus troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00fd:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-26 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1702354941_63d2a6c3fd-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Ficus triangularis\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1702354941_63d2a6c3fd-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1702354941_63d2a6c3fd.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pokud jde o \u00fadiv nad jeho vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u00fadaji, nen\u00ed daleko od jeho p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho Ficus lyrata. Je to \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1 rostlina s listy, kter\u00e9 tvarem p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed housle a dosahuj\u00ed d\u00e9lky 50-60 cm. Tento f\u00edkus je v\u0161ak v p\u00e9\u010di o n\u011bj velmi rozmarn\u00fd: pokud nejsou spln\u011bny v\u0161echny jeho &#8222;po\u017eadavky&#8220;, m\u016f\u017ee reagovat \u00fapln\u00fdm opadem list\u016f. Jeho \u00fadr\u017eba vy\u017eaduje vysokou vlhkost vzduchu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee f\u00edkus bude nutn\u00e9 \u010dasto zal\u00e9vat, a to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro mnoh\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznivce dom\u00e1c\u00edch kv\u011btin nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-27 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-lirovidnyi-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"Ficus lyrata\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-lirovidnyi-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-lirovidnyi.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>F\u00edkus tup\u00fd (Ficus retusa) v\u0161ak nevynik\u00e1 nijak zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm vzhledem, a p\u0159esto je jako dom\u00e1c\u00ed kv\u011btina velmi kr\u00e1sn\u00fd. Za takovou jednoduchost\u00ed se skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed elegantn\u00ed jasn\u011b zelen\u00e9, leskl\u00e9 listy, kter\u00e9 ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159itahuj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch roste f\u00edkus jako bany\u00e1n, uvol\u0148uje vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 ko\u0159eny a opl\u00e9t\u00e1 je mohutn\u00fdm kmenem. Od p\u0159\u00edrody je nudn\u00fd fikus nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd &#8211; je velmi vhodn\u00fd, zejm\u00e9na pro zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9 lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou lhostejn\u00ed k dom\u00e1c\u00edm rostlin\u00e1m. Domovinou t\u00e9to rostliny je Asie a Malajsie.<\/p>\n<p>Na fotografii m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt jednoduch\u00fd, ale elegantn\u00ed kv\u011bt:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-28 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/foto-fikus-prituplennyj-fotografii-sovety-vrediteli-bolezni-forum-komnatnye-rastenija-cvety-3-226x300.jpg\" alt=\"Ficus retusa\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/foto-fikus-prituplennyj-fotografii-sovety-vrediteli-bolezni-forum-komnatnye-rastenija-cvety-3-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/foto-fikus-prituplennyj-fotografii-sovety-vrediteli-bolezni-forum-komnatnye-rastenija-cvety-3.jpg 424w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o f\u00edkusy<\/h2>\n<p>Ji\u017e jsme se mnohokr\u00e1t zm\u00ednili, \u017ee f\u00edkusy docela dob\u0159e sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed stinn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti domu, ale je lep\u0161\u00ed s nimi zach\u00e1zet bez fanatismu a neuzav\u00edrat rostlinu p\u0159ed sv\u011btlem obecn\u011b. V l\u00e9t\u011b m\u016f\u017eete sv\u00e9mu &#8222;zelen\u00e9mu mazl\u00ed\u010dkovi&#8220; dop\u0159\u00e1t \u010derstv\u00fd vzduch t\u00edm, \u017ee ho um\u00edst\u00edte na zahradu nebo na balkon, ale nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee f\u00edkusy nesn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed pr\u016fvan, proto si p\u0159edem ov\u011b\u0159te, zda je to ve va\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad. Nemaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 r\u00e1dy n\u00e1hlou zm\u011bnu prost\u0159ed\u00ed &#8211; abyste rostlinu nevystavili stresu, je nejlep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edem naj\u00edt vhodn\u00e9 m\u00edsto ve va\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti. Tak\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de o f\u00edkus doma zahrnuje hojn\u00e9 zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed, post\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed a t\u0159en\u00ed list\u016f. D\u016fle\u017eitou podm\u00ednkou je \u010dist\u00e1, st\u00e1l\u00e1 voda o pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010c\u00edm lze f\u00edkusy krmit<\/h2>\n<p>Pokud jde o krmen\u00ed t\u00e9to rostliny, m\u011bli byste vz\u00edt v \u00favahu jej\u00ed &#8222;biologick\u00e9 hodiny&#8220;, tedy \u017ee v obdob\u00ed jaro-l\u00e9to-podzim aktivn\u011b roste. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b vy\u017eaduje doma p\u011bstovan\u00fd f\u00edkus nejen zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m sv\u00e9 existence, ale tak\u00e9 stimulaci p\u0159irozen\u00fdch proces\u016f, tj. hnojen\u00ed. Zde m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt komplexn\u00ed hnojiva nebo si sami p\u0159ipravit roztok podle popisu: sm\u00edchejte 0,5 g superfosf\u00e1tu, 0,1 g draseln\u00e9 soli, 4 g dusi\u010dnanu amonn\u00e9ho a zalijte jedn\u00edm litrem vody.<\/p>\n<h2>Tipy na p\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed f\u00edkusu<\/h2>\n<p>Pokud se rozhodnete f\u00edkus p\u0159esadit, budete pot\u0159ebovat speci\u00e1ln\u011b odebranou zeminu z \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u00edsku, ra\u0161eliny a listov\u00e9 zeminy. Nejd\u0159\u00edve byste m\u011bli na dno kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de polo\u017eit dren\u00e1\u017en\u00ed vrstvu, pot\u00e9 naplnit zeminu pro f\u00edkus a pot\u00e9 rostlinu zasadit. Pokud je mlad\u00fd, je lep\u0161\u00ed, aby byla p\u016fda v\u00edce nakyp\u0159en\u00e1, a pokud je dosp\u011bl\u00fd, pak hust\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud nechcete, aby f\u00edkusu opadaly listy, je lep\u0161\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit stagnaci vody. K tomu nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee p\u016fda mus\u00ed b\u00fdt odvodn\u011bn\u00e1 a pravideln\u011b kyp\u0159en\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Nov\u00fd f\u00edkus je lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esazovat jednou za jeden nebo dva roky a o ten star\u00fd je lep\u0161\u00ed se starat m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto. A pokud v\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1, jak p\u011bstovat f\u00edkus z dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho, pak bychom m\u011bli odhalit velmi choulostiv\u00e9 t\u00e9ma &#8211; reprodukci. Faktem je, \u017ee toto obdob\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed a\u017e v l\u00e9t\u011b, kdy je rostlina vy\u017eivov\u00e1na, posilov\u00e1na a p\u0159ipravena roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it se do n\u011bkolika kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f. K rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak, \u017ee se odd\u011bl\u00ed horn\u00ed nebo bo\u010dn\u00ed listy s \u0159\u00edzky, kter\u00e9 se na chv\u00edli um\u00edst\u00ed do sklenice s vodou. Jakmile m\u00e1 list ko\u0159eny, lze jej p\u0159esadit do zem\u011b. Takto z\u00edsk\u00e1te nov\u00fd f\u00edkus do sv\u00e9 sb\u00edrky.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak\u00e9 nemoci m\u00e1 f\u00edkus?<\/h2>\n<p>O tom, jak se starat o f\u00edkus, aby rostl velk\u00fd a siln\u00fd, jsme si ji\u017e \u0159ekli mnoho, ale p\u0159esto existuj\u00ed nemoci, kter\u00e9 postihuj\u00ed bu\u010f jeho \u010d\u00e1sti, nebo celou rostlinu. Pokud je v\u00e1\u0161 mazl\u00ed\u010dek nemocn\u00fd, existuje n\u011bkolik vysv\u011btlen\u00ed: za prv\u00e9 to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt organick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, za druh\u00e9 \u0161k\u016fdci a za t\u0159et\u00ed &#8211; sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b p\u00e9\u010de. Pokud se nejedn\u00e1 o prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9, m\u011bli byste rostlin\u011b v\u011bnovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost, jinak m\u016f\u017ee za\u010d\u00edt shazovat listy nebo dokonce uhynout.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jde o choroby, mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9ho charakteru a projevovat se r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Tak antrakn\u00f3za je houbov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 za\u010dalo v\u00fdskytem hub Gloeosporium a Colletotrichum. V d\u016fsledku toho se na listech f\u00edkusu objevuj\u00ed hn\u011bdav\u00e9 skvrny, kter\u00e9 pak p\u0159er\u016fstaj\u00ed ve skute\u010dn\u00e9 v\u0159edy, po nich\u017e m\u016f\u017ee cel\u00e1 rostlina uhynout. Abyste p\u0159ede\u0161li hrozn\u00fdm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm, m\u011bli byste od\u0159\u00edznout v\u0161echny posti\u017een\u00e9 listy, o\u0161et\u0159it zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti rostliny fungicidem, omezit zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a pravideln\u011b v\u011btrat m\u00edstnost.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jste na zadn\u00ed stran\u011b listu n\u00e1hle objevili \u010dern\u00e9 skvrny, diagn\u00f3za pro v\u00e1\u0161 f\u00edkus je zklam\u00e1n\u00edm &#8211; kosteln\u00ed mr\u00e1z. Jedn\u00e1 se rovn\u011b\u017e o houbov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 cercospora spp. aby nedo\u0161lo k \u00fahynu rostliny, mus\u00edte zopakovat to, co plat\u00ed u antrak\u00f3zy.<\/p>\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm je vodnatelnost. Sledujeme ji jako drobn\u00fd v\u00fdr\u016fstek na zadn\u00ed stran\u011b listu v d\u016fsledku nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed. Listy posti\u017een\u00e9 padl\u00edm se neobnovuj\u00ed, proto je lep\u0161\u00ed je se\u0159\u00edznout. A pokud za\u010daly samy opad\u00e1vat, m\u011bli byste v\u011bnovat pozornost kvalit\u011b p\u00e9\u010de. Rostlina tak reaguje na n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny teploty a vlhkosti. A\u0165 u\u017e se stane cokoli, mus\u00edte zm\u011bnit sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edstup k f\u00edkusu a vytvo\u0159it mu co nejp\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud mluv\u00edme o \u0161k\u016fdc\u00edch, nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je pro f\u00edkus pavouk. Jedn\u00e1 se o \u010derven\u011b zbarven\u00fd hmyz, kter\u00fd na samotn\u00e9 rostlin\u011b spl\u00e9t\u00e1 pavu\u010dinu a vys\u00e1v\u00e1 z n\u00ed \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy, tak\u017ee je pomal\u00e1, na listech se objevuj\u00ed sv\u011btl\u00e9 skvrny a n\u011bkdy listy opad\u00e1vaj\u00ed. T\u011bchto parazit\u016f se m\u016f\u017eete zbavit speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi chemick\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky, omyt\u00edm f\u00edkusu teplou vodou nebo n\u00e1levem z cibule a \u010desneku, kter\u00fdm je t\u0159eba listy ot\u0159\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>F\u00edkus je skute\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1 rostlina &#8211; je pln\u00e1 \u017eivota a energie. Milujte sv\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed mazl\u00ed\u010dky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes se mnoho hostitel\u016f m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit t\u00edm, \u017ee jejich d\u016fm je pln\u00fd v\u0161ech druh\u016f okrasn\u00fdch rostlin &#8211; kvetouc\u00edch i opadav\u00fdch, sez\u00f3nn\u00edch i st\u00e1lezelen\u00fdch, mal\u00fdch i velk\u00fdch. Mezi touto pestrost\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed fl\u00f3ry florist\u00e9 vyzdvihuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na f\u00edkusy, kter\u00e9 se osv\u011bd\u010dily jako nerozmarn\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5134"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5134"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5183,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5134\/revisions\/5183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}