![\"fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta\"](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-kauchukonosnyy-sort-robusta_-2-300x300-1.jpg\")
<\/p>\nM\u016bsdien\u0101s daudzi saimnieki var lepoties, ka vi\u0146u m\u0101ja ir pilna ar visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101kajiem dekorat\u012bvajiem augiem \u2013 ziedo\u0161iem un lapkoku, sezon\u0101liem un m\u016b\u017eza\u013ciem, maziem un lieliem. No \u0161\u012bs m\u0101jas floras da\u017e\u0101d\u012bbas floristi \u012bpa\u0161i izce\u013c fikusu, kas izr\u0101d\u012bjies nav kapr\u012bzs un ka jebkur\u0161 interjers var papildin\u0101t dz\u012bv\u012bguma un svaiguma noti.<\/p>\n
Fikusa dzimtene ir Klus\u0101 oke\u0101na un Indijas oke\u0101na valstis, Vidusj\u016bra un Dienvid\u0101frika. \u0160aj\u0101s tropiskaj\u0101s zon\u0101s aug liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca fikusu sugu gan koksnes, gan kr\u016bmu, gan v\u012bnogul\u0101ju veid\u0101. Protams, ir eksempl\u0101ri, kas gar\u0161o m\u0113renos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos, piem\u0113ram, v\u012b\u0123es vai F\u00edcus c\u00e1rica, kas sastopamas Kauk\u0101z\u0101, Dienvidkrimas piekrast\u0113 un Karpatos. Un tom\u0113r, neskatoties uz tik kr\u0101sainiem dabiskajiem biotopiem, fikusi \u013coti labi piel\u0101gojas dekorat\u012bvajai eksistencei. \u0160ie ir da\u017ei no nedaudzajiem augiem, kas var atrasties aptum\u0161ot\u0101 viet\u0101 un kuriem nav nepiecie\u0161ama bie\u017ea laist\u012b\u0161ana. Ar\u012b fikusi atbilst savu saimnieku est\u0113tiskajai gaumei, jo atkar\u012bb\u0101 no sugas ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bga lapu kr\u0101sa un forma, pa\u0161a auga augstums un var izaugt k\u0101 pundurkoci\u0146\u0161.<\/p>\n
M\u0101jsaimniec\u012bbas fikusam ir vair\u0101kas sugas, visizplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101s iek\u0161zemes pu\u0137kop\u012bb\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, labi zin\u0101mais Ficus elastica, kura arsen\u0101l\u0101 ir vair\u0101kas vari\u0101cijas, kas at\u0161\u0137iras p\u0113c lapu kr\u0101sas un formas – t\u0101s var b\u016bt vienkr\u0101sainas, \u0101dainas, gals atg\u0101dina pilienu, un var b\u016bt ar dzelten\u0101m sv\u012btr\u0101m un spilgtiem plankumiem. . \u0160\u012b suga aug diezgan strauji: no pavasara l\u012bdz rudenim, pien\u0101c\u012bgi kopjot, t\u0101 dod vienu lapu ned\u0113\u013c\u0101. Kau\u010duku fikuss ir par\u0101d\u012bts fotoatt\u0113l\u0101:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
N\u0101kamais, ne maz\u0101k popul\u0101rais m\u0101jas zieds ir Ficus benjamina. Vi\u0146\u0161 ir kau\u010duka “asins” radinieks, neskatoties uz to, ka tas ir mazlapu un ar raibu kr\u0101su. T\u0101s zari ir elast\u012bgi \u2013 augam augot tie liecas da\u017e\u0101dos virzienos, kas padara \u0161o sugu \u012bpa\u0161i elegantu. Bend\u017eamina fikuss vien\u0101 pod\u0101 parasti ievieto vair\u0101kus \u012bpat\u0146us, lai stumbri var aust vai apvienoties dekorat\u012bv\u0101 stumbr\u0101. To var audz\u0113t ar\u012b pundurkoci\u0146a veid\u0101, kas ir \u013coti eksotisks. Fotoatt\u0113l\u0101 var redz\u0113t Bend\u017eamina parast\u0101s st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas piem\u0113rus un k\u0101 pundurkoci\u0146u:<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/29-226x300-1.jpg\")
\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/0_1c2c35_104c815b_XL-200x300-1.jpg\")
\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\nN\u0101kamais \u0161\u012b apbr\u012bnojam\u0101 auga p\u0101rst\u0101vis ir Ficus binnendijkii. \u0160\u012b suga izce\u013cas ar iegaren\u0101m \u0101dain\u0101m lap\u0101m, kas ir nedaudz saliektas aug\u0161pus\u0113. Mizas kr\u0101sa vari\u0113 no gai\u0161i pel\u0113kas l\u012bdz br\u016bnai ar balt\u0101m sv\u012btr\u0101m. Binandijka ir \u013coti iztur\u012bgs fikuss, labi j\u016btas gan uz zieme\u013cu palodzes, gan istabas vid\u016b. \u0160\u012bs sugas p\u0101rst\u0101vi var redz\u0113t fotoatt\u0113l\u0101:<\/p>\n
![\"Narrow](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/DETA-100-225x300-1.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Ne maz\u0101k pievilc\u012bgs ne tikai izskats, bet ar\u012b to dabisk\u0101s dz\u012bvotnes veids ir Ficus benghalensis. Fakts ir t\u0101ds, ka tropos vi\u0146\u0161 izdz\u012bvo uz sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101ka koka r\u0113\u0137ina – vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101k dz\u012bvi uz viena no zariem, palai\u017eot gaisa saknes, kas reiz sasniegu\u0161as zemi, veido savu stumbru. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di fikuss turpina augt un vienk\u0101r\u0161i “nosl\u0101p\u0113” augu, uz kura tas dz\u012bvo. M\u0101jas fikuss uzvedas nedaudz sav\u0101d\u0101k, ta\u010du ar\u012b \u0161eit, pareizi kopjot, tas var par\u0101d\u012bt savas “sp\u0113jas” un vienk\u0101r\u0161i izaugt l\u012bdz griestiem. \u0160\u012bs sugas \u0101r\u0113j\u0101s paz\u012bmes ir nedaudz l\u012bdz\u012bgas gumijai, bet at\u0161\u0137iras p\u0113c lapu raupjuma. To var redz\u0113t fotoatt\u0113l\u0101:<\/p>\n
![\"Banyan\"](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/5462afe8ad8c6-225x300-1.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Fikusu saim\u0113 ir ne tikai staltas skaistules, bet ir ar\u012b miniat\u016bras pu\u0137es. Piem\u0113ram, Ficus s\u012bkais vai punduris (Ficus pumila) – m\u012b\u013c\u0161 augs, kas var izrot\u0101t j\u016bsu m\u0101jas pu\u0137u dobi.<\/p>\n
Parasti to audz\u0113 k\u0101 ampelaugu: iekarin\u0101m\u0101 pod\u0101 vai apt\u012btu ap stabu. Ja nodarbojaties ar siltumn\u012bcu biznesu, \u0161is r\u016bpnieciskais fikuss pateiksies par bag\u0101t\u012bgo sf\u0113risko zied\u0113\u0161anu, kas rakstur\u012bga ar\u012b citiem t\u0101 radniec\u012bgajiem elementiem. Fotoatt\u0113l\u0101 redzama “drupata” vis\u0101 t\u0101s kr\u0101\u0161\u0146um\u0101:<\/p>\n
![\"Ficus](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fi7-300x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Papildus aug\u0161anai Ficus joproj\u0101m at\u0161\u0137iras ar sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101m lapu form\u0101m. T\u0101, piem\u0113ram, Ficus triangularis ar savu izskatu var maldin\u0101t ikvienu, kur\u0161 neiedzi\u013cin\u0101s visos bot\u0101nikas smalkumos. Bet, neskatoties uz visu, \u0161o apbr\u012bnojamo fikusu ir pietiekami viegli kopt, lai gan tam nepat\u012bk caurv\u0113j\u0161 un p\u0113k\u0161\u0146as ainavu izmai\u0146as. Un, ja j\u016bs ar\u012b nedaudz apgrie\u017eat savus dzinumus, tas j\u016bs iepriecin\u0101s ar savu graciozo vainagu un zied\u0113\u0161anu, kas ir l\u012bdz\u012bga og\u0101m.<\/p>\n
Tr\u012bsst\u016bra fikuss ir par\u0101d\u012bts fotoatt\u0113l\u0101:<\/p>\n
![\"Ficus](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1702354941_63d2a6c3fd-300x225.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Run\u0101jot par izbr\u012bnu ar vi\u0146a \u0101r\u0113jiem datiem, net\u0101lu no vi\u0146a radniec\u012bg\u0101 Ficus lyrata. Tas ir p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161s augs ar lap\u0101m, kas p\u0113c formas atg\u0101dina vijoli un sasniedz 50-60 cm garumu. Tom\u0113r \u0161is fikuss ir \u013coti kapr\u012bzs sav\u0101 apr\u016bp\u0113: ja netiek izpild\u012btas visas t\u0101 “pras\u012bbas”, tas var rea\u0123\u0113t ar piln\u012bgu lapu pilienu. T\u0101 uztur\u0113\u0161anai nepiecie\u0161ams augsts mitrums, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka fikuss b\u016bs bie\u017ei j\u0101laista, un tas var apgr\u016btin\u0101t daudzus m\u0101jas ziedu cien\u012bt\u0101jus.<\/p>\n
![\"Ficus](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fikus-lirovidnyi-225x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Bet Ficus Dull (Ficus retusa) neizce\u013cas ar kaut ko \u012bpa\u0161u p\u0113c izskata un, neskatoties uz to, tas ir \u013coti skaists k\u0101 m\u0101jas zieds. Aiz \u0161\u0101das vienk\u0101r\u0161\u012bbas sl\u0113pjas elegantas spilgti za\u013cas, sp\u012bd\u012bgas lapas, kas paties\u012bb\u0101 piesaista citus. Dabiskos apst\u0101k\u013cos fikuss aug k\u0101 banjans, atbr\u012bvojot gaisa saknes, sapinot t\u0101s ar sp\u0113c\u012bgu stumbru. P\u0113c b\u016bt\u012bbas bl\u0101vais fikuss ir mazpras\u012bgs – tas ir \u013coti \u0113rti, \u012bpa\u0161i aiz\u0146emtiem cilv\u0113kiem, kuri nav vienaldz\u012bgi pret m\u0101jas augiem. \u0160\u012b auga dzimt\u0101 zeme ir \u0100zija un Malaizija.<\/p>\n
Fotoatt\u0113l\u0101 var redz\u0113t vienk\u0101r\u0161u, bet elegantu ziedu:<\/p>\n
![\"Ficus](\"http:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/foto-fikus-prituplennyj-fotografii-sovety-vrediteli-bolezni-forum-komnatnye-rastenija-cvety-3-226x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Jau daudzk\u0101rt esam min\u0113ju\u0161i, ka fikusi diezgan labi p\u0101rn\u0113s\u0101 \u0113nainas m\u0101jas da\u013cas, ta\u010du lab\u0101k pret to iztur\u0113ties bez fan\u0101tisma un augu visp\u0101r neaizv\u0113rt no gaismas. Vasar\u0101 savu “za\u013co m\u012bluli” varat palutin\u0101t ar svaigu gaisu, ievietojot to d\u0101rz\u0101 vai uz balkona, ta\u010du atcerieties, ka fikusi neiztur caurv\u0113ju, t\u0101p\u0113c iepriek\u0161 p\u0101rbaudiet, vai t\u0101 ir laba ideja j\u016bsu gad\u012bjum\u0101. Vi\u0146iem nepat\u012bk ar\u012b p\u0113k\u0161\u0146as ainavas mai\u0146as \u2013 lai nerad\u012btu augu stresam, lab\u0101k jau laikus atrast piem\u0113rotu vietu sav\u0101s m\u0101j\u0101s. Ar\u012b r\u016bpes par fikusu m\u0101j\u0101s ietver lielu lapu laist\u012b\u0161anu, izsmidzin\u0101\u0161anu un berz\u0113\u0161anu. Svar\u012bgs nosac\u012bjums tam ir t\u012brs, past\u0101v\u012bgs \u016bdens istabas temperat\u016br\u0101.<\/p>\n
Run\u0101jot par \u0161\u012b auga baro\u0161anu, j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 t\u0101 “biolo\u0123iskais pulkstenis”, proti, ka pavasara-vasaras-rudens period\u0101 tas akt\u012bvi aug. \u0160aj\u0101 laik\u0101 m\u0101j\u0101s audz\u0113tajam fikusam ir nepiecie\u0161ama ne tikai pastiprin\u0101ta uzman\u012bba t\u0101 eksistences \u0101r\u0113jiem apst\u0101k\u013ciem, bet ar\u012b dabisko procesu stimul\u0113\u0161ana, t.i., apaug\u013co\u0161ana. \u0160eit varat izmantot kompleksos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus vai pats pagatavot \u0161\u0137\u012bdumu, k\u0101 aprakst\u012bts: sajauc 0,5 g superfosf\u0101ta, 0,1 g k\u0101lija s\u0101ls, 4 g amonija nitr\u0101ta un ielej vienu litru \u016bdens.<\/p>\n
Ja nolemjat p\u0101rst\u0101d\u012bt fikusu, jums b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ama \u012bpa\u0161i sav\u0101kta augsne no smil\u0161u, k\u016bdras un lapu augsnes da\u013c\u0101m. Pirmk\u0101rt, poda apak\u0161\u0101 j\u0101uzliek dren\u0101\u017eas sl\u0101nis, p\u0113c tam j\u0101aizpilda zeme fikusam un p\u0113c tam st\u0101da augs. Ja tas ir jauns, lab\u0101k ir, lai augsne b\u016btu vair\u0101k irdin\u0101ta, un, ja t\u0101 ir nobriedusi, tad bl\u012bva.<\/p>\n
Ja nev\u0113laties, lai fikusam nokristu lapas, lab\u0101k izvair\u012bties no \u016bdens stagn\u0101cijas. Lai to izdar\u012btu, atcerieties, ka augsne ir j\u0101nosusina un periodiski j\u0101atsl\u0101bina.<\/p>\n
Lab\u0101k ir veikt jaunu fikusa transplant\u0101ciju reizi gad\u0101 vai divos gados, un veco lab\u0101k uztraukties ret\u0101k. Un, ja j\u016bs interes\u0113, k\u0101 izaudz\u0113t fikusu no pieaugu\u0161a cilv\u0113ka, tad mums vajadz\u0113tu atkl\u0101t \u013coti delik\u0101tu t\u0113mu – reprodukciju. Fakts ir t\u0101ds, ka \u0161is periods iest\u0101jas tikai vasar\u0101, kad augs ir pabarots, nostiprin\u0101ts un gatavs izplat\u012bties vair\u0101kos podos. Reprodukcija notiek, atdalot aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101s vai s\u0101nu lapas ar spraude\u0146iem, ievietojot k\u0101du laiku gl\u0101z\u0113 \u016bdens. Kad lapai ir saknes, to var p\u0101rst\u0101d\u012bt zem\u0113. T\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 j\u016bs sav\u0101 kolekcij\u0101 ieg\u016bstat jaunu fikusu.<\/p>\n
M\u0113s jau esam daudz run\u0101ju\u0161i par to, k\u0101 r\u016bp\u0113ties, lai fikuss izaugtu liels un sp\u0113c\u012bgs, ta\u010du joproj\u0101m ir slim\u012bbas, kas skar vai nu augu da\u013cas, vai visu. Ja m\u0101jdz\u012bvnieks ir slims, tam ir vair\u0101ki skaidrojumi: pirmk\u0101rt, t\u0101 var b\u016bt organiska slim\u012bba, otrk\u0101rt \u2013 kait\u0113k\u013ci, tre\u0161k\u0101rt \u2013 apr\u016bpes l\u012bme\u0146a pazemin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s. Ja tas nav pirmais un otrais, tad jums vajadz\u0113tu b\u016bt uzman\u012bg\u0101kam pret augu, pret\u0113j\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 tas var s\u0101kt nomest lapas vai pat nomirt.<\/p>\n
Kas attiecas uz slim\u012bb\u0101m, t\u0101s var b\u016bt da\u017e\u0101da rakstura un izpausties da\u017e\u0101dos veidos. T\u0101tad antracnoze ir s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u slim\u012bba, kas s\u0101k\u0101s ar s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u Gloeosporium un Colletotrichum par\u0101d\u012b\u0161anos. T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 uz fikusa lap\u0101m par\u0101d\u0101s br\u016bngani plankumi, kas p\u0113c tam p\u0101raug \u012bst\u0101s \u010d\u016bl\u0101s, p\u0113c kur\u0101m viss augs var nomirt. Lai nov\u0113rstu briesm\u012bgas sekas, jums vajadz\u0113tu nogriezt visas skart\u0101s lapas, apstr\u0101d\u0101t atliku\u0161\u0101s auga da\u013cas ar fungic\u012bdu, ierobe\u017eot ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu un regul\u0101ri v\u0113din\u0101t telpu.<\/p>\n
Ja lapas aizmugur\u0113 p\u0113k\u0161\u0146i atrad\u0101t melnus plankumus, j\u016bsu fikusa diagnoze ir neapmierino\u0161a – bazn\u012bcas sals. \u0160\u012b ir ar\u012b s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u slim\u012bba, ko izraisa cercospora spp. Lai tas nenovestu pie auga n\u0101ves, jums j\u0101atk\u0101rto tas, kas ir piem\u0113rojams antrakozei.<\/p>\n
Visbie\u017e\u0101k sastopam\u0101 slim\u012bba ir piliens. Tas tiek izsekots k\u0101 neliels izaugums lapas aizmugur\u0113 p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgas laist\u012b\u0161anas d\u0113\u013c. Lapas, kuras sk\u0101rusi s\u0113n\u012bte, netiek atjaunotas, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s ir lab\u0101k nogrieztas. Un, ja vi\u0146i s\u0101ka nokrist pa\u0161i, jums vajadz\u0113tu piev\u0113rst uzman\u012bbu apr\u016bpes kvalit\u0101tei. \u0160\u0101di augs rea\u0123\u0113 uz p\u0113k\u0161\u0146\u0101m temperat\u016bras un mitruma izmai\u0146\u0101m. Lai kas ar\u012b notiktu, ir j\u0101maina attieksme pret fikusu un j\u0101rada tam vislabv\u0113l\u012bg\u0101kie apst\u0101k\u013ci.<\/p>\n
Ja m\u0113s run\u0101jam par kait\u0113k\u013ciem, fikusam visb\u012bstam\u0101k\u0101 ir zirnek\u013ca \u0113rce. Tas ir sarkanas kr\u0101sas kukainis, kas uzpin pa\u0161am augam zirnek\u013ca t\u012bklu un izs\u016bc no t\u0101 sulu, t\u0101p\u0113c tas k\u013c\u016bst gausa, uz lap\u0101m par\u0101d\u0101s gai\u0161i plankumi, da\u017ek\u0101rt lapas nokr\u012bt. Atbr\u012bvoties no \u0161iem paraz\u012btiem var ar \u012bpa\u0161iem \u0137\u012bmiskiem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem, fikusu nomazg\u0101jot ar siltu \u016bdeni vai uzl\u0113jot s\u012bpolus un \u0137iplokus, kam j\u0101noslauka lapas.<\/p>\n
Ficus ir patiesi p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161s augs – tas ir pilns ar dz\u012bv\u012bbu un ener\u0123iju. M\u012bli savus m\u0101jdz\u012bvniekus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u016bsdien\u0101s daudzi saimnieki var lepoties, ka vi\u0146u m\u0101ja ir pilna ar visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101kajiem dekorat\u012bvajiem augiem \u2013 ziedo\u0161iem un lapkoku, sezon\u0101liem un m\u016b\u017eza\u013ciem, maziem un lieliem. No \u0161\u012bs m\u0101jas floras da\u017e\u0101d\u012bbas floristi \u012bpa\u0161i izce\u013c fikusu, kas izr\u0101d\u012bjies nav kapr\u012bzs un ka jebkur\u0161<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5154"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5154"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5194,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5154\/revisions\/5194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}