{"id":7015,"date":"2020-12-08T11:17:38","date_gmt":"2020-12-08T11:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/?page_id=7015"},"modified":"2022-06-16T09:25:01","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T09:25:01","slug":"ficus-carica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/ficus-carica\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ncir &#8211; Bak\u0131m, \u00dcreme ve Nakil \u00d6nerileri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Say\u0131s\u0131z \u201cevcil\u201d ficus aras\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok \u00e7i\u00e7ek\u00e7i \u0130ncir&#8217;y\u0131 veya incirleri evde bile meyve verme e\u015fsiz yetene\u011fi nedeniyle ay\u0131rt eder. Ger\u00e7ek incir (Ficus carica), meyvesi nedeniyle genellikle basit\u00e7e incir a\u011fac\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve orijini K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya&#8217;d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyadaki en eski ekili ve faydal\u0131 bitkilerden biridir ve bir k\u00fcvet bitkisi olarak bizde \u00e7ok pop\u00fclerdir. \u0130ncir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, tatl\u0131, yenilebilir, ye\u015fil veya mor meyveleri i\u00e7in \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilir. Bir tencerede, dekoratif yaprakl\u0131 Akdeniz bitkileri iki ila \u00fc\u00e7 metre boyunda b\u00fcy\u00fcr. \u00c7i\u00e7ekler g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaz. Sat\u0131n al\u0131rken, kendi kendine meyve veren \u00e7e\u015fitleri aray\u0131n. Bavyera inciri &#8216;Violetta&#8217; olarak bilinen \u00e7e\u015fit \u00f6zellikle dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Yeti\u015ftiricisine g\u00f6re, -20 dereceye kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 tolere edebilir. En az &#8220;Michurinska-10&#8221; \u00e7e\u015fidinin dayan\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kabul edilir. Bu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bitki bize K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya&#8217;dan geldi ve daha sonra a\u00e7\u0131k havada yeti\u015fti\u011fi Orta Asya, Kafkasya ve hatta K\u0131r\u0131m&#8217;a yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir do\u011fal ortam\u0131nda:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_164\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-164\" style=\"width: 272px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-164 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Ficus-carica-foto-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"Ficus-carica\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Ficus-carica-foto-272x300.jpg 272w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Ficus-carica-foto.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-164\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0130ncir foto\u011fraf\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130ncir&#8217;n\u0131n do\u011fal geni\u015fliklerinde y\u00fckseklik 5 m&#8217;den 10 m&#8217;ye kadar ula\u015fabilir. Bu a\u011fac\u0131n g\u00f6vdesi \u00e7ok k\u0131sa, kal\u0131n, gri-kahverengi bir kabuktur. Yapraklar, konumlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, hafif \u00e7entikler (g\u00f6vdenin alt\u0131nda) veya kanat \u015feklinde, kalp \u015feklinde (g\u00f6vdenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde) birka\u00e7 lob&#8217;a b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f kat\u0131 olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca yapraklar yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck, \u00fcst plaka kabuklu, ye\u015fil renkli, alt plaka k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck t\u00fcylere sahip, grimsi ye\u015fil. Uzunlu\u011fu 10 cm&#8217;den 25 cm&#8217;ye kadar, geni\u015flik &#8211; 20 cm&#8217;ye kadar, yaprak sap\u0131 &#8211; 7 cm do\u011fal b\u00fcy\u00fcme ortam\u0131nda bir incir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n birka\u00e7 salk\u0131m\u0131na sahiptir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sulu tatl\u0131 incirlerin yeti\u015fti\u011fi sadece di\u015fi \u00e7i\u00e7ekler;<\/li>\n<li>erkek organlar\u0131ndaki;<\/li>\n<li>yenmeyen meyvelerin b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131sa personel (di\u015fi).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Common fig (Ficus carica) - Plant Identification\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RrHCHe_O0Ss?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Evde yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, a\u011fac\u0131n meyve vermesi i\u00e7in, sadece yenilebilir meyveler veren di\u015fi salk\u0131mlar\u0131 yeterlidir. Bu arada, \u0130ncir iki evli bir bitkidir, yani erkek salk\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re tozla\u015fma gerektirmez.<\/p>\n<p>Meyvelerin kendileri yass\u0131 bir top gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler, \u00e7ap\u0131 8 cm&#8217;ye ula\u015fabilir, i\u00e7inde ince taneler vard\u0131r, \u00e7ok tatl\u0131 ve sulu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_165\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-165\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-165 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/figi-foto-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"figi\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/figi-foto-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/figi-foto.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-165\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0130ncir foto\u011fraf\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u0130ncir i\u00e7in evde bak\u0131m<\/h2>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki bitkinin tarifinden, \u0130ncir karde\u015flerinden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve d\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikleri ve s\u00fcs bitkisi olarak bile meyve verme kabiliyeti oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak bu, bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde etkilemedi, yani. onu k\u00fclfetli hale getirmedi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ayd\u0131nlatma:<\/strong> \u0130ncir veya incir (bu bitki i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir isim) parlak \u0131\u015f\u0131k gibidir, do\u011frudan g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile hafif\u00e7e g\u00f6lgelenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u0130ncir temiz havay\u0131 sever, bu nedenle yaz\u0131n balkon veya g\u00fcl bah\u00e7esi i\u00e7in ideal olabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131k:<\/strong> \u0130ncir \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da sever. \u00d6rne\u011fin, yaz d\u00f6neminde tercih edilen hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 +71.6\u00b0F ila +77\u00b0F aras\u0131ndad\u0131r ve k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda bitki +42.8\u00b0F ila +50\u00b0F aras\u0131 serinli\u011fi tercih eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Di\u011fer ficus t\u00fcrleri gibi, incir a\u011fac\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki keskin bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tolere etmez &#8211; yapraklar\u0131n erken d\u00fc\u015fmesine ve di\u011fer sorunlara neden olabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sulama:<\/strong> \u0130ncir \u00f6zellikle yaz aylar\u0131nda bol sulamay\u0131, ayr\u0131ca \u0131l\u0131k du\u015f ve spreyleri sever. Ancak ikincisi ile a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 nem olmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kir filmi veya bir torba ile korumak gerekir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hava nemi:<\/strong> yaz\u0131n &#8211; y\u00fcksek, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n &#8211; havan\u0131n kurumas\u0131na izin vermeyin.<br \/>\nTransplantasyon: gen\u00e7 bitkiler y\u0131lda bir kez ve yeti\u015fkinler ilkbaharda 2 y\u0131lda bir nakledilir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir boyuta ula\u015fan kurgular i\u00e7in, sadece topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst tabakas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek yeterlidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Dikimi derinle\u015ftirirseniz, bitki geli\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak birka\u00e7 yeni k\u00f6k salabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Besleme:<\/strong> Aktif b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u0131ras\u0131nda incirleri her 10 g\u00fcnde bir g\u00fcbreleyin. G\u00fcbreleme i\u00e7in mineral veya \u00fcniversal s\u0131v\u0131 substratlar kullanabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00dcreme:<\/strong> \u0130ncir par\u00e7alanarak veya tohumlanarak \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130lk y\u00f6ntem i\u00e7in iyi bir sap\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 cm kesmek gerekir. Kesimi birka\u00e7 saat (10-12) kurutun ve k\u00f6k salmaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. Bunu yapmak i\u00e7in \u00e7elikler, kum ve turba kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok besleyici topraklara ekilmeli, temiz, sabit suyla biraz sulamal\u0131 ve selofan torba veya cam kavanoz ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir sera in\u015fa edilmelidir. g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde y\u0131kan\u0131p kurutulduktan sonra topra\u011fa konur ve bir sera yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130lk yapraklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra saks\u0131ya ekilebilirler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Budama:<\/strong> A\u011fa\u00e7lar y\u0131lda \u00fc\u00e7 kez \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7abilmeleri nedeniyle budama zaman\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok duyars\u0131zd\u0131rlar. Bununla birlikte, ilkbaharda budama idealdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ayr\u0131ca b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi ve \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeyi de destekler. Kural olarak, a\u011fa\u00e7lar iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131 nedeniyle olduk\u00e7a bodur bir b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye sahiptir, bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck budaman\u0131n nadiren gerekli oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.\u0130ncir a\u011fac\u0131 &#8211; \u0130ncir Budama s\u0131ras\u0131nda, tek tek yan dallar\u0131n serbest kalmas\u0131na ve iyi g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alabilmesine dikkat edilmelidir. . Seyrek bir a\u011fa\u00e7 sadece daha fazla meyve vermekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda iyi g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u0131rsa daha yo\u011fun bir tatl\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015ftirir.<br \/>\nBudama talimatlar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>engelleyici s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri kald\u0131r\u0131n<\/li>\n<li>\u00e7al\u0131\/ta\u00e7 i\u00e7ini ayd\u0131nlat\u0131n<\/li>\n<li>yeni s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler isteniyorsa dal saplar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n<\/li>\n<li>eski s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri kald\u0131r<\/li>\n<li>sadece ya\u015flanma tehlikesi varsa radikal budama<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131m ipu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130ncirin bak\u0131m\u0131nda birka\u00e7 hatadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rsan\u0131z bitki sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr. \u0130lkbahardan sonbahara kadar incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok az sulamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Su birikmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, fazla su kolayca tahliye edilebilmelidir. Nisan ay\u0131ndan a\u011fustos ay\u0131na kadar, y\u00fcksek kaliteli s\u0131v\u0131 kap bitki g\u00fcbresi ile incirleri haftal\u0131k olarak besleyin. Sonbaharda a\u00e7\u0131k havada olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f meyveler sark\u0131k halde b\u0131rak\u0131labilir. \u0130lkbaharda b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye ve ikinci bir \u00fcr\u00fcn sa\u011flamaya devam edecekler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Hastal\u0131klar ve zararl\u0131lar Carica<\/h2>\n<p>Zararl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda zaten biliyoruz: bir kalkan, bir unlu solucan ve bir \u00f6r\u00fcmcek akar\u0131. Bitkinin yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 ovalayarak ikincisini \u00f6nleyebilirsiniz. Ancak toz solucan bitkiyi yok edebilir, bu nedenle etkilenen yapraklardan kurtulmak, ficusu nemli bir s\u00fcngerle silmek ve karbonofos kullanmak en iyisidir. F\u0131r\u00e7ay\u0131 elle \u00e7\u0131karabilir ve ard\u0131ndan bitkiye sabunlu bir t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi uygulayabilirsiniz. Ek olarak, incir yapraklar\u0131 fazla veya nem eksikli\u011finden muzdarip olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Say\u0131s\u0131z \u201cevcil\u201d ficus aras\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok \u00e7i\u00e7ek\u00e7i \u0130ncir&#8217;y\u0131 veya incirleri evde bile meyve verme e\u015fsiz yetene\u011fi nedeniyle ay\u0131rt eder. Ger\u00e7ek incir (Ficus carica), meyvesi nedeniyle genellikle basit\u00e7e incir a\u011fac\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve orijini K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya&#8217;d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyadaki en eski ekili ve faydal\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7015"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7015"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7015\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12199,"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7015\/revisions\/12199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ficusplant.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}